By Katherine McFarlane, Registered Psychologist
Supporting children on the autism spectrum in early childhood can empower them to build vital skills that last a lifetime. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder impacting social skills, language and communication, sensory sensitivities andrigid or repetitive behaviours. Autism is a spectrum disorder meaning each person with autism may present differently and therefore can require different supports. While autism is a lifelong condition, there are lots of different strategies that can help develop a child’s emotion regulation skills, communication skills, social skills and personal independence, so that they can reach their full potential. Here are ten tips that can be helpful for parents and teachers to use either in the classroom or at home.
1. Break tasks into small steps – Children with autism may struggle with planning and sequencing. Give one step at a time, have them repeat instructions, and use tools like songs or picture checklists to reinforce understanding and track progress.
2. Provide a calm, low-sensory space – Bright lights, noise, and clutter can feel overwhelming. Set up a quiet area with soft lighting and calming items (like headphones or sensory toys) where the child can go to regulate—not as punishment, but as support.
3. Be clear and specific with expectations – Use direct, concrete language (e.g.,“Put rubbish in the bin” instead of “Don’t be messy”). Explain expectations before activities and reinforce them with consistent routines and rewards.
4. Teach emotion awareness – Help children identify feelings by naming what you observe (e.g., clenched fists = anger) and offer simple choices for coping, like breathing or taking a break. Also model and talk about your own emotions.
5. Use calm, simple language – During stressful moments, children may not process long explanations. Use a steady tone and short phrases to guide behavior, then discuss emotions and consequences after they’ve calmed down.
6. Use visual supports – Visuals like schedules, step-by-step charts, or drawings help children understand routines, reduce anxiety, and build communication skills. They benefit all children, not just those with autism.
7. Give strategies time to work – New supports can take weeks to show results and may initially increase challenging behavior. Monitor progress over time and review regularly before deciding if changes are needed.
8. Keep strong communication with parents/teachers – Consistency between home and school is key. Share goals, strategies, and updates regularly, focusing on both strengths and areas for growth.
9. Respect the child’s dignity – During meltdowns (not tantrums), focus on safety and calming support rather than teaching or discipline. Avoid labeling behavior, protect privacy, and reflect together afterward when the child is calm.
10. Use play to teach and connect – Play builds social, emotional, and problem-solving skills. Use simple, repetitive games to teach turn-taking, patience, and coping with losing, while also strengthening your relationship with the child.